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Introduction to Linux Clustering
8 Cluster Examples and Challenges
There are numerous ways you can configure a cluster, which will depend on your requirements and
budgets. There are also some complex requirements if you wish to have virtualization with the
cluster as well as building geographically separated clusters.
This document details a number of examples of cluster designs that may be suitable for you and to
just give you an understanding of what is possible as well as discussions of the problems and
limitations with each design.
8.1 Two node HA cluster with DRBD
A common high-availability requirement is to make a particular server survive any hardware
failure. The solution to this, is to add a second identical server and setup a HA cluster
between them.
To make a two-node high-availability cluster work, we have the following set of
requirements:
● Data must be accessible by both servers, with both servers being able to read/write at
the same time.
● If an individual service die, it should resume on the secondary server.
● If one server suffers a complete failure, the secondary server should resume all tasks.
Solution:
● Both servers identical hardware, running Redhat Cluster Suite.
● Local root and swap filesystems, remaining disk space turned into DRBD block
device setup with both nodes running as primary.
● DRBD device running GFS with journal space for 2 nodes and both nodes mounted
at the same time.
● Each service configured in cluster suite with a floating IP address. Any service that
fails will relocate to the second node.
● In the event of a full server failure, the second node will resume all services.
Notes:
● DRBD is used primary/primary with GFS so that both servers can be running
services at once. This may be undesirable or unwanted if you only have one floating
IP address, in this scenario you need to group all the services using that IP together.
In that case, it would also be okay to run DRBD as primary/secondary with a
traditional filesystem like ext3 or xfs and have all the services configured as a single
resource, to all failover together.
© Copyright 2008 Jethro Carr Page 25/33
- Table of Contents 1
- 1 Introduction 4
- 2 About clusters 5
- 4 Clustering fundamentals 8
- 4.2.2 FENCING 9
- 4.2.3 SPLIT-BRAIN 10
- 4.2.4 QUORUM 10
- 5.1 Redhat Cluster Suite 12
- 5.1.2 LUCI AND RICCI 13
- 5.1.3 SYSTEM-CONFIG-CLUSTER 13
- 5.1.4 LOAD BALANCING 13
- 7 Storage Management 16
- Hot Spare 17
- Replication 17
- SAN or NAS 17
- 7.2.1 ACCESSING SAN DIRECTLY 20
- 7.3 Distributed Storage 21
- 7.4 Replicated Storage 22
- 7.5 Clustered Filesystems 24
- 9 Further Reference 33
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